Answer to your Question is YES and NO
motherboard can fail completely by shortcircuit or overheating or parts of a motherboard,
like I/O, expansion slots, components like capacitors, transistors, etc
try this solution......
does your laptop botherboard have dip switches, open the bottom door covers of the laptop look for dip switches ( small tiny block with switches on it may have 1to4 switches) some notebook have dip switches underneath the keyboard in that case you may need to remove your keyboard and the media panel above the keyboard to get access.
next you would want to do is reset all the switches to OFF Position---*remember what was the default setting*--,connect the keyboard temporarily and the power button panel.
then connect a vga cable from your laptop to an external monitor
run your laptop for about 3 minutes switching from external to display via fn key ,look on your laptop keyboard ( that outsource the signal to external monitor)back and forth
after 3 minutes then switch back to laptop display via the fn key as said above and RESTART the laptop
if your laptop display dosent work afterwards repeat the above steps
if it still dosent work you may need to replace the inverter which is underneath the screen bezel .
*you may need to replace the screen completely along with the inverter*
check the display cable for any damages.
reply if it works