There is a switch inside the hood latch that monitors whether the hood is open or not. If the switch is stuck or faulty it will report as the hood being open. Follow the wires from the hood latch assembly to make sure there are no breaks, kinks, or damage. If the wires look good then 95% of the time replacing the hood latch assembly will fix this particular issue.

2 things: your surface 3 has 64GB of storage, not RAM. While it may seem like a rather nit-picky distinction, it is rather significant. Basically, RAM affects performance if you don't have enough, storage is how many files you can store (your C drive) Regardless, the RAM on all surface models is soldered to the motherboard and not upgradable. Surface Pro models have removable SSDs that can be replaced to add more storage but you have to remove the display first, a difficult process that usually requires replacing the display completely. Surface (non-pro) models have their storage chips soldered to the motherboard, preventing replacement.

I found two but if you wait a month there should be a lit more available due to the 5x being such a new device. Temporarily sold out. 8 Available

You can see if Apple will repair it (this problem should be covered under warranty) but if they won't all you likely have to do is put a little lubricant in the hinge, something that is fairly easy to do if you have the right tools.

I recommend isopropyl alcohol. I've used it on multiple dirty computer components with no negative effects. Not only does it not damage components due to its low water content, but it cleans very easily and is readily available at almost any drugstore. I suggest 90%+ but 70% works fine in a pinch. Edit: Use a Q-tip or fine cloth to apply it

You probably got a faulty part, see if you can get a replacement from the original seller.

It is either the charger or the port itself. Check the charger using a multi meter (if you don't have one you probably know someone that does, or you can buy one online for cheap. If the charger is fine then it is the port which is usually separate from the motherboard and fairly cheap to replace.

Use an adapter and plug it into your computer to make sure it is the SD reader on your phone. If it is the SD reader then there's not much you can do without a rather costly replacement as the slot is part of the motherboard.

You can't solder a ribbon cable back together, you will have to buy a replacement cable.

This sounds like a blown capacitor, diode, or other similar component. There is a strong possibility that your hard drive is still working. Disassemble the computer using one of the many guides on this website and remove your hard drive . Put the hard drive in an external dock (you can buy them online for ~$20) and attach it to another computer to extract the data. Alternatively you can find the circuit board with the damaged component by looking for burn spots surrounding a missing or damaged component. Once you locate the damaged circuit board you can try replacing it. Keep in mind that if part of the power supply is damaged then it probably took the other components with it like the motherboard, processor, and even hard drive. Because of this possibility I highly recommend checking to see if the hard drive is working before you attempt a full system repair.