This is about as optimal as you can get. Everything is draining down. The possible exception is the disposer, the black pipe out of it seems about a 2 cm too long. Remove the connection and hacksaw off a bit and replace the connection.
Go into settings and battery to see what applications are primary users. Then adjust those apps in polling frequency - or even uninstall them. Other primary possibly unneeded battery users: Bluetooth, GPS (Especially indoors), WiFi when none nearby. Screen brightness. Volume.
Its highly disruptive but have read that removing food and turning the unit off with doors open for a day can make this problem go away. It stems from iced up passage that directs freezer air to the refrigerator side.
I had an Epson like this that I repaired for a client - the self clean cycles did nothing, nor did Q tips w water or alcohol on the head surface.. Not did water through the head with syringe. Ultimately a $35 print head worked.
I bet that the sensor on this is clogged with dust or lint and cannot detect the beam interruption by rotating the control. Take the cover off and use canned or compressed air to clean the area aaround the volume control. I have also had this happen with a different unit (A Sony compact stereo).
New simply means that it has not failed for anyone else yet. Be sure battery models are identical. See if you can locate another Surface to try the “new’ battery. You might also explore battery contacts and voltages on both batteries. But be very careful not to short anything.
This sounds like a sender problem, you can replace the fuel pump that has the sender for fuel level integrated — another potential fix is to put in a couple bottles of fuel system cleaner on a half tank or under of gas. Often it will free the sender. But to replace everything you have to drop the tank. We had a Caravan with similar problem and just tracked miles very carefully.